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Colds and flu is the common viral infections that affect the upper respiratory tract. The most common means of spreading cold and flu infections is through hand contact such as shaking hands and touching surfaces such as doorknobs and elevator buttons that someone with a cold or the flu has just touched. Though viral particles enter the air through actions such as sneezing and coughing, they are present in far greater concentrations on the hands of people who are infected. They also settle from the air onto other surfaces fairly quickly. Frequent hand washing with warm water and antibacterial soap, as well as cleaning common surfaces with antibacterial solutions, are the most effective methods of preventing the spread of infection.